Endocrine Abstracts

There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes, with the first two types making about 99% of cases.According to its nature, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is considered as a typical autoimmune disorder characterized with specific autoantibodies. Immunological markers of the diabetes mellitus onset can be found not only in T1DM with its specific clinical picture, ...

The fat tissue inflammation and insulin resistance formation are common in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was found to be a key one in onset and progression of insulin resistance, blocking the insulin signaling pathway and hampering the gene expression of GLUT4, the intracellular insulin-regulated glucose transporter in body tissues. Rise in the TNF-α concentration in blood serum is b...